8
logo Drosophila genes listed by biochemical function
Transmembrane proteins
Receptor tyrosine kinases and phosphatases and serine/threonine kinases
Transmembrane adhesion proteins
Miscellaneous transmembrane proteins
G-protein coupled receptors
Odorant receptors
Ionotropic taste and temperature receptors
Gustatory (taste) receptors
RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES AND PHOSPHATASES AND SERINE/THREONINE KINASES

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase
transmembrane protein - receptor tyrosine kinase - the ligand Jelly belly activates Alk
to specify a select group of visceral muscle precursors as muscle-patterning pioneers

baboon
transmembrane protein - Type 1 activin-A-receptor - receptor serine/threonine kinase

breathless
transmembrane FGF receptor

DER (preferred name: EGF-R, common alternative name: Torpedo)
receptor- tk - EGF-R homology

derailed
receptor TK

Dlar
receptor tyrosine phosphatase - axon guidance

Dror
receptor tyrosine kinase - trk homolog

Eph receptor tyrosine kinase
receptor tyrosine kinase

Epidermal growth factor receptor (common alternative name: Torpedo)
receptor tyrosine kinase

fgf-receptor homolog 1 (common alternative name: heartless or DFR1)
transmembrane - receptor - Ig superfamily

heartless (commonly known as Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 or DFR-1)
receptor tyrosine kinase - involved in the development of mesodermal and neuronal cells - supports Drosophila fertility by
regulating development of ovarian muscle tissues - Pebble is required for cell shape changes during cell migration triggered by Heartless

Insulin-like receptor
receptor tyrosine kinase - a key component of an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that plays an essential role in controlling body, organ, and cell size

off-track
CCK-4 family of 'dead' receptor tyrosine kinases, Ig-domains - required for lamina-specific targeting of R1-R6 axons -
associates with Plexin, the receptor for Semaphorin ligand

PDGF- and VEGF-receptor related
Ig C-2 type domain receptor tyrosine kinase - required for border cell migration

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 4E
broadly expressed type III receptor tyrosine phosphatase closely related to Ptp10D - shows synthetic phenotypes with other Pdps

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 10D
receptor tyrosine phosphatase - required for embryonic and larval axon guidance - along with Ptp69D regulates segregation
of the young axons into a single core bundle in the larval mushroom body - mutants are defective in long-term memory formation

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 69D
receptor tyrosine phosphatase

punt
receptor for DPP - type II receptor serine/threonine kinase

Ret oncogene
regulates dendrite patterning, adhesion and stability - rescues mitochondrial morphology and muscle degeneration of Pink1 mutants

saxophone
receptor serine/threonine kinase - a DPP receptor

sevenless
receptor tyrosine kinase - Boss receptor

thickveins
receptor serine/threonine kinase for DPP

torpedo (preferred name: Epidermal growth factor receptor, common alternative name: ellipse)
receptor-tk egf-r homology

torso
receptorTK

wishful thinking
type II TGFß receptor - functions presynaptically to regulate synaptic size at the neuromuscular junction - receptor serine/threonine kinase



TRANSMEMBRANE ADHESION PROTEINS

anakonda
transmembrane receptor protein - interacts extracellularly to mediate assembly of tricellular junctions - septate junctions - ectodermal and endodermal epithelia

Basigin
conserved IgCAM required pre- and post-synaptically at neuromuscular junctions to restrict synaptic bouton size,
controls distribution of synaptic vesicles and organization of the presynaptic cortical actin cytoskeleton

borderless
Ig superfamily transmembrane protein that coordinates neurite-neurite interactions in the developing optic lobe

Cadherin-E (preferred name: shotgun)
cadherin - cell aggregation

Cadherin-N
transmembrane receptor, cadherin homolog

Cad99C
receptor - cadherin superfamily - expressed in follicle cells - regulator of microvillus length

commissureless
novel transmembrane protein

capricious
leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein involved in selective synapse formation;
contributes to formation of the affinity boundary between dorsal and ventral compartments of the wing

Contactin
required for organization of septate junctions and for function of the paracellular barrier -
Forms a tripartite complex with Neuroglian and Neurexin

crumbs
egf repeats - laminin A homolog

dachsous
cadherin superfamily

DE-cadherin (preferred name: shotgun)
E-cadherin homolog

Delta
EGF family - Notch ligand

dumbfounded (preferred name: kin of irre)
IG superfamily - required for myoblast aggregation and fusion

Dystroglycan
transmembrane receptor for extracellular matrix molecules - required for cellular polarity in epithelial cells and the oocyte

Dscam
multiple Ig domain protein

E-cadherin (preferred name: shotgun)
tm - E-cadherin homolog

echinoid & friend of echinoid
cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) - Ig and fibronectin domains proteins - The genes are adjacent to one another and co-ordinately regulated -
Echinoid acts to antagonize Egf receptor signaling - Friend of echinoid exhibits interaction with the Notch pathway

18 wheeler
transmembrane protein with with leucine-rich motif (LRR)

Fasciclin I
cam - lipid linked to membrane - novel

Fasciclin II
NCAM homolog - Ig superfamily

Fasciclin III
cam - novel

fat
cadherin domain transmembrane receptor that negatively controls cell proliferation - also functions in planar polarity

furrowed
selectin (carbohydrate binding protein)

Gliolectin
lectin (carbohydrate binding protein)

Gliotactin
novel serine esterase homolog

hibris
Ig repeat transmembrane protein with fibronectin type III domain - a receptor involved in muscle cell fusion

integrin - beta PS (preferred name: myospheroid)
integrin - beta subunit

kekkon-1
Ig domain protein, Leucine-rich repeat protein

kuzbanian
disintegrin and metalloprotease motifs - neurogenic

Lachesin
GPI-anchored surface immunoglobulin domain cell adhesion molecule required for the proper morphogenesis of the tracheal system

leak (common alternative name: robo2)
transmembrane receptor that regulates axon guidance and heart cell and tracheal branch migration

multiple edematous wings *
alpha PS1 integrin - see myospheroid

myospheroid
integrin-beta subunit of PS1 & PS2

Neuroglian
IG superfamily - NgCAM related

neuroligin-1 and neuroligin-2
Postsynaptic receptor that interacts with presynaptic Neurexins - recruits scaffolding proteins for organization of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors -
mediates the precise apposition of presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes

Neuroligin 4
neural cell adhesion molecule - neuromuscular junction BMP signaling pathway - sleep social behavior, interacts physically interact with Thickveins

Neurotactin
serine esterase homolog

Notch
receptor - neurogenic

pollux
novel cell surface receptor, leucine zipper protein

roughest
Ig-C2-type-domain protein - transmembrane

roundabout
immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats transmembrane receptor that regulates axon guidance

robo2 (preferred name: leak)
transmembrane receptor that regulates axon guidance and heart cell and tracheal branch migration

semaphorin-1a
axon guidance transmembrane protein

Serrate
transmembrane - EGF homolog - ligand for Notch - involved in the induction, through Notch, of the wing margin at the dorsal-ventral interface of the wing
imaginal disc - a Serrate-Notch-Canoe complex mediates essential interactions between glia and neuroepithelial cells during Drosophila optic lobe development

scab
α-PS3 integrin - involved in dorsal closure, tracheal and salivary gland development and in the localization of pericardial cells - thought to dimerize
with Myospheroid and possibly Integrin betanu subunit - Scb regulates adhesion, signalling, polarity and cell migration - genetic interaction
with Laminin genes implicates them as extracellular matrix ligands

shotgun
cadherin - regulates cell aggregation preventing mixing of cells at tissue boundaries - Neuroblast niche position is controlled by PI3-kinase
dependent DE-Cadherin adhesion - required for the maintenance of ring canals anchoring to mechanically withstand tissue growth during oogenesis

sidekick
Ig domain receptor - accumulates in specific synaptic layers of the developing motion detection circuit - necessary for
normal optomotor behavior - adherens junctions - tricellular junction protein - regulates vertex
dynamics to promote bicellular junction extension - necessary to maintain normal levels of cell bond tension

starry night
Cadherin-related 7TM protein

sticks and stones
transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of fusion competent myoblasts - essential for fusion of embryonic myoblasts

strabismus (preferred name: Van Gogh)
novel protein

tartan
Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein - along with Capricious, contributes to the adhesive properties of the cells
in the morphogenetic furrow, thus regulating control of spacing ommatidial clusters - regulates boundary formation in the leg and wing -
regulates tracheal branching

teiresias
Ig superfamily transmembrane protein - sex determination - feminizing function, interacts with other Ig superfamily transmembrane proteins, including
Robo1, to feminize the neurite patterns in females - FruBM represses tei transcription in males - axon guidance, brain and ventral cord

Tenascin accessory
transmembrane partner of Tenascin major acting in synapse assembly at the neuromuscular junction - synaptic partner matching in olfactory system -
regulates fusion of central complex primordia and eye patterning

Tenascin major
transmembrane protein that acts together with the Filamin Cheerio to influence growth cone progression

Van Gogh (common alternative name: strabismus)
novel, potentially transmembrane protein



Miscellaneous Transmembrane Proteins

beta amyloid protein precursor-like
beta amyloid homolog

Anktm1 (common alternative name: dTrpA1)
heat-activated TRP family ion channel that is essential for thermotaxis

arrow
LDL-receptor-related protein (LRP) family - Wingless pathway

atlastin
dynamin-family transmembrane GTPase that drives endoplasmic reticulum membrane fusion in a GTP-dependent fashion - self-associating protein
that is able to form trans-oligomeric complexes - required for normal growth of muscles and synapses at the neuromuscular junction

Autophagy-specific gene 9
a vesicular transmembrane protein that is a constituent of autophagic vesicles and is required for oxidative stress-induced JNK activation

Bride of sevenless (Boss)
ligand of Sevenless - 7 transmembrane segments

brivido-1
cation channel that mediates the mechanotransduction of class III dendritic arborization neurons of the PNS

cacophony
voltage sensitive calcium channel that stimulates neurotransmetter release at the presynaptic terminus at the neuromuscular junction

Ca2+-channel protein α1 subunit D
α subunit of an L-type voltage-gated Ca[2+] channel - there is a strict functional separation of AP-triggered neurotransmitter release
by Cav2 (Cacophony) and activity-dependent modulation of SV recycling and short-term plasticity by Cav1 -
Cav1 channels within the periphery of AZs are a distinct entry route for Ca2+-dependent augmentation of SV endocytosis - Ca-α1D is a
downstream target of a tyramine (honoka) receptor activation - Ca-alpha1D is the primary functioning Ca(2+) channel in Drosophila hearts - synaptic
Dmca1D channels increase burst duration and maximum intraburst firing frequencies during crawling-like motor patterns - stac and Dmca1D are
required for excitation-contraction coupling - Dstac appears to be required for normal expression levels of Dmca1D in body-wall muscles

Ca2+-channel protein α1 subunit T
voltage-gated calcium channel underlying the amiloride-sensitive transient current, projection neurons located in the antennal lobe,
negative modulation of sleep, voltage-activated calcium currents in Drosophila motoneurons

cornichon
cargo receptor required for transport of the TGFalpha growth factor Gurken to the oocyte surface

croquemort
a member of the CD36 family of scavenger receptors - required for microbial phagocytosis and efficient
bacterial clearance - booster for croquemort interacts with the zinc finger domain of the GATA transcription
factor Serpent (Srp), to enhance its direct binding to the crq promoter; thus, Crq and Srp function
together in regulating crq expression and efferocytosis, the action of removing apoptotic particles

death executioner Bcl-2 homologue
Bcl-2/CED-9 family protein involved in regulating apoptosis

dispatched
patched family protein regulating Hedgehog release

domeless
a divergent member of the cytokine class I receptor family - required for segmentation and functions in trachea specification

Dopamine transporter
mediates uptake of dopamine in dopamine positive neurons - functions in regulating sleep and arousal

draper
encoding an EGF-repeat single-pass transmembrane domain receptor - required during metamorphosis for recognition and engulfment of degenerating axon branches by glia

Dscam2
immunoglobulin superfamily - Dscam2 homophilic interactions mediate repulsion between neurites of L1 laminar cells in neighbouring columns of the optic lobe

eater
EGF-like repeat transmembrane protein located on phagocytic cells - mediates resistence to bacteria

ether a go-go
a voltage-gated delayed rectifier K+ channel subunit - responsible for repolarization phase that returns synaptic membrane potential back to the resting membrane
potential - inhibited by high Ca(2+) concentrations that are only present at plasma membrane Ca(2+) channel microdomains - regulated by Calmodulin binding - neuromuscular junction - Multiple
K+ channel α-subunits coassemble with Hyperkinetic, including Shaker, Ether-a-go-go, and Ether-a-go-go-related gene are ion conducting channels for Cry/Hk-coupled light response

Excitatory amino acid transporter 1
tranmembrane excitatory amino acid transporter expressed in glial cells - tightly regulates
extracellular glutamate levels to control neurotransmission functions in locomotor behavior

fear of intimacy
transmembrane domain protein - FICL family - zinc transporter - required in the mesoderm for gonad morphogenesis - required for tracheal branch fusion

flower
transmembrane protein - expressed in 'loser' cells to mediate win/lose decisions in cell competition by means of differentially expressed isoforms

four-jointed
type 2 transmembrane kinase - regulates tissue polarity - phosphorylates of the atypical cadherins Fat and Dachsous - regulates growth via the Hippo/Warts pathway

frazzled
Ig superfamily - Netrin receptor

genderblind
glutamate permease - regulates ambient extracellular glutamate to suppress glutamatergic synapse strength - controls mate choice

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic family receptor-like
a GPI-anchored membrane protein with four GDNF family receptor-like domains - regulates oogenesis and male fertility -
expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems

GluClα
glutamate-gated chloride channel, component of the ON and OFF pathway in the optic lobe - together with Rdl serves
as a co-receptor for the insecticides nodulisporic acid and ivermectin - open-channel conformation
causes a continuous inflow of chloride ions and sustained membrane hyperpolarization - antenna lobe

Glutamate receptor IIA and Glutamate receptor IIB
transmembrane Ca2+ channel protein

Golden goal
transmembrane receptor that is dynamically expressed in all photoreceptor neurons and localizes predominantly to growth cones - regulates axon-axon
and axon-target interactions in R8 photoreceptor axon - acts as a functional partner of Flamingo for R8 photoreceptor axon targeting in the medulla

grindelwald
tumour necrosis factor receptor - JNK signalling - integrates apoptotic functions from Eiger
with signaling from apical polarity determinants to induce JNK-dependent cell death or tumour growth

Histamine-gated chloride channel subunit 1
an ion transmembrane transport complex subunit that contributes to thermotaxis and chloride transport - color-opponent processing
of UVshort/blue and UVlong/green is implemented in R7/R8 inner photoreceptor terminals of "pale" and "yellow" ommatidia, respectively
. R7 and R8 photoreceptors of the each ommatidium mutually inhibit each other directly via HisCl1 and receive additional feedback inhibition that requires
the second histamine receptor Ort - color-opponent processing at the first visual synapse represents an unexpected commonality between Drosophila and vertebrates
hoka
smooth septate junction component - transmembrane protein forms a complex with Ssk, Mesh, and Tsp2A and is required for the correct
localization of these proteins to septate junctions - knockdown in the adult midgut leads to intestinal barrier dysfunction and stem cell
overproliferation - required for maintaining intestinal stem cell homeostasis through the regulation of aPKC and Yki activities

I'm not dead yet
plasma membrane transporter of Krebs cycle intermediates - midgut - regulation of lifespan - regulation of mitochondrial function

inactive
transient receptor potential vanilloid channel - expressed in chordotonal neurons where it is involved in temperature preference -
expressed in antenna were it is involved in hearing

inebriated
neurotransmitter:sodium symporter - mutations appear to cause increased excitability of the motor neuron by causing defective reuptake of a substrate neurotransmitter

Inositol 1,4,5,-tris-phosphate receptor
calcium channel

Innexin 2
gap junction protein; blood-brain barrier glia - mediates the influence of metabolic changes on stem cell behavior;
response of glia nutritional signals - functions in oogenesis, visual transmission in lamina glia,
and proventriculus development; crucial for epithelial organization and polarity of the embryonic epidermis

interference Hedgehog
IGcam membrane protein - binds Hedgehog and mediates Hedgehog response

Inwardly rectifying potassium channel 1, 2, and 3
potassium inward rectifier (Kir) superfamily of channels - inward rectifiers allow a much greater K(+) influx than efflux -
osmoregulation - hind gut - Malpighian tubules - regulation of spike discharge frequency and amplitude of the evoked EPSPa at the
neuromuscular junction - a principal potassium conductance pathway in the salivary gland that is required for sucrose feeding

KaiR1D (CG3822)
glutamate channel - kainate family protein - localized to presynaptic terminals of the neuromuscular junction - eya - homeostatic potentiation of synaptic strength

kon-tiki
conserved multi-domain transmembrane receptor required cell autonomously for myotubes to recognize their tendon cell targets -
signals through the intracellular adaptor Grip in a conserved molecular pathway

kugelei (common alternative names: fat-like, fat2)
a cadherin related to Fat - required for the planar polarity of actin filament orientation
at the basal side of ovarian follicle cells - acts non-autonomously in follicle cells in the transmission of polarity information
required for morphogenesis and maintenance of tubular structures of ectodermal origin

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 3
receptor for Insulin-like peptide 8 - regulation of growth - attenuation growth and maturation - neurosecretory cell-rich pars intercerebralis

LDL receptor related protein 4
low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein in the same family as Arrow, a Wingless co-receptor - coordinates synapse number and function
in the brain - functions via the conserved kinase SRPK79D to ensure normal synapse number and behavior, occurs preferentially in excitatory neurons

megatrachea (accepted Flybase name: pickel)
claudin required for septate junction formation and barrier function - control of secretion processes specific
to septate junction and dependent on Sec61p may involve Megatrachea interaction with Sec61 subunits, trachea

mesh
transmembrane protein - component of smooth septate junctions, functions cooperates with Tetraspanin 2A and Snakeskin to organize
septate junctions - midgut - Malpighian tubules

Mitoguardin
a mitochondrial outer-membrane protein that regulates endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contact sites (ERMCSs) - required for autophagy

Na/Ca-exchange protein
involved in phototransduction and response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

nanchung
calcium channel, TRP family - partners with the channel Inactive in hearing transduction - in labellar mechanosensory neurons involved in
preference for soft food - Nan-expressing neurons under recurved bristles along the wing margin are essential sensory components for defensive
behavior - insecticides serve as specific agonists of Nan-Iav complexes that, by promoting cellular calcium influx, silence the stretch receptor cells

Na pump α subunit
ion pump responsible for the cellular balance of sodium and potassium ions - regulation of neuronal excitability and auditory mechanosensation -
epithelial junction function - tracheal tube-size control - septate junction function - neurodegeneration - muscles - malpighian tubules

Neither inactivation nor afterpotential E (common alternative name: Rh1)
rhodopsin expressed in photoreceptors R1-R6, response to light intensity, phototransduction, thermotaxis

Neuropilin and tolloid-like (common alternative name: Neto)
transmembrane protein - auxiliary subunit of ionic Glutamate receptor required for clustering of ionotropic glutamate receptors
at the neuromuscular junction, for organization of postsynaptic densities and for synapse functionality

nervana 1 and nervana 2
β subunit of Na,K-ATPase, plays an ion-pump-independent role in junction formation and tracheal morphogenesis

Neurexin
multifunctional protein located at septate junctions

nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α5, nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α6 & nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α7
neurotransmitter-gated ion-channels - cholinergic synapse formation and dendritic refinement - site of action of insecticides

nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α1
forms pentameric receptors involved in fast excitatory synaptic neurotransmission - associated with changes in courtship, sleep longevity and insecticide resistance

Niemann-Pick Type C-1
a transmembrane protein related to the Hedgehog receptor Patched - mutants have a shortage of sterol, and, as a consequence, inadequate ecdysone synthesis

Nimrod C1
EGF-like repeat transmembrane protein located on phagocytic cells - mediates resistence to bacteria

NMDA receptor 1 and NMDA receptor 2
voltage/Mg2+-dependent Ca2+ channels activated by glutamate - required for olfactory learning

no mechanoreceptor potential C
a mechanosensitive Ca2+ TRP family channel, mediates locomotion related proprioception (touch sensation)
in PNS localized neurons - mediates sound detection in Johnston's organ

olf186-F (common alternative name: Orai)
store-operated Ca2+ channel involved in rhythmic firing of the flight motoneurons - physically interacts with
the Ca2+ store sensor Stim (Stromal interaction molecule) to form the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel

optic ganglion reduced (common alternative names: Ogre and Inx-1)
gap junction protein functioning in blood-brain barrier glia - mediate the influence
of metabolic changes on stem cell behavior; response of glia to nutritional signals

otopterin-like a
mediates acid taste - functions in distinct subsets of gustatory receptor
neurons for repulsion and attraction to high and low levels of protons, respectively

Ora transientless
histamine-gated chloride channel required for synaptic transmission at the photoreceptor-large monopolar cells synapse and
for orientation and motion vision - responsible for synaptic transients in electroretinograms -
modulates temperature preference and controls tolerance of low and high temperature

painless
calcium channel - nociceptor - mutant is pain response defective

paralytic
α-subunit of voltage-gated sodium channel - neuromuscular junction - required for locomotor activity - generates sodium-dependent
action potentials - regulated by RNA alternative splicing and translational repression

Pasiflora1 and Pasiflora2
tetraspan proteins - core components of septate junctions - blood-brain and tracheal barriers

patched
segment polarity gene

pathetic
expressed in both neuroblasts and glia - In NBs, path is directly targeted by Notch signalling via Su(H) binding - Loss of path in
larval brain neural stem cells delays proliferation - important in glial cells to help protect brain growth under conditions of nutrient
restriction - a candidate gene in the nutritional circuit between systemic muscle wasting and tumour growth in proline vulnerable
cancers - mutation of path impinges on nutrient responses and protein homeostasis specifically in neurons with large dendrite arbors but not in other cells

perdido (common alternative name: Kon-tiki)
conserved multi-domain transmembrane receptor required cell autonomously for myotubes to recognize their tendon cell targets -
signals through the intracellular adaptor Grip in a conserved molecular pathway

pickel (common alternative name: Megatrachea)
claudin required for septate junction formation and barrier function - control of secretion processes specific
to septate junction and dependent on Sec61p may involve Megatrachea interaction with Sec61 subunits, trachea

pickpocket
subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) family - plays an essential role in controlling rhythmic locomotion
by providing mechanosensory signal transduction of proprioceptive sensory information

pickpocket 11 & pickpocket 16
DEG/ENaC sodium channel subunits - homeostatic modulation of presynaptic neurotransmitter release

pickpocket 23, pickpocket 25 and pickpocket 28
DEG/ENaC sodium channel subunits - required for activation of courtship behavior by chemosensory perception of female pheromones

pickpocket 28
amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel - osmosensitive ion channel that mediates response to water -
expressed in labellar gustatory chemosensory bristles

Piezo
mechanically activated cation channel - stretch-activated mechanotransduction - mechanical nociceptor

plexin A
semaphorin domain protein, semaphorin receptor

plexin B
semaphorin domain protein, receptor for the secreted semaphorin Sema-2a -
regulates axon extension from the sensory neuron cell body in regions of direct contact with oenocytes

Peptidoglycan recognition protein LC
transmembrane receptor involved in antimicrobial response, recognizes bacterial toxins, expressed in fat body and midgut

porin
main pore-forming protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane - multi-functional channel protein that shuttles
metabolites between the mitochondria and the cytosol and implicated in cellular life and death decisions

Presenilin
transmembrane protein involved in proteolysis of Notch

pretaporter
transmembrane protein - a ligand for the engulfment receptor Draper. It resides in the endoplasmic reticulum. During apoptosis it is
exposed at the cell surface where it binds the product of Drpr to induce phagocytosis - RNA-binding protein FMRP binds pretaporter (Prtp)
and amyloid precursor protein-like (APPL) signals directing this glial clearance - transmembrane protein trafficked from the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cell surface of a neuron thus marked for removal, where it binds the Drpr engulfment receptor on glia

rickets
timing of metamorphosis - activation of - stereotyped behavioral program - migration of the border cells

Resistant to dieldrin
GABA-A receptor that negatively modulates olfactory associative learning, possibly by gating the input of olfactory information
into the mushroom bodies - regulates the length of time required to fall asleep

Reticulon-like1
a reticulon family member, with intramembrane hairpin domains that insert into the cytosolic face of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
thereby curving it and promoting ER tubule formation - enriched on tubular ER, including axons and egg chamber fusomes - high level
leads to ER fragmentation - microtubule cytoskeleton is involved in Rtnl1 localization to spindles during mitosis

rhomboid (preferred name: veinlet)
serine protease - transmembrane protein involved with Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling - required for the production or processing of Spitz, the Egfr ligand

rhomboid-7
transmembrane mitochondrial protease required for spermatogenesis and muscle maturation

roughoid
EGF pathway

Ryanodine receptor 44F
Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel located in presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum membranes -
sustains vesicular mobilization thus enhancing release of transmitters and neuropeptides

sanpodo
encodes a four-pass transmembrane protein that localizes to the cell membrane - specifies Notch-dependent fate - Notch and Numb physically associate with Sanpodo

Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (common althernative name: SERCA)
endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump - mutants disrupt Wingless signaling by sequestering Armadillo/beta-catenin
away from the signaling pool - Seipin interacts with SERCA, whose activity is reduced in Seipin mutants, leading
to reduced ER calcium levels - THADA binds SERCA and acts on it as an uncoupler - tracheal budding

semaphorin-1a
Axon guidance transmembrane protein

Sensory neuron membrane protein
CD36-related transmembrane protein - essential for the response of olfactory sensory neurons to cis-vaccenyl acetate,
a male-specific fatty-acid-derived pheromone that regulates sexual and social aggregation behaviours

Seipin
Transmembrane lipid-binding protein - promotes adipose tissue lipid storage via calcium-dependent mitochondrial metabolism

seizure
voltage-gated potassium channel - essential for protecting flies from acute heat-induced seizures -acts in excitatory neurons -
the octopaminergic system and neuropile ensheathing and perineurial glia - mutations in sei cause extensive
structural remodeling of the myofibrillar organization - expressed widely in the CNS - neuromuscular junction - heart

Serotonin transporter
regulates serotonergic neurotransmission by retrieving released serotonin and replenishing vesicular stores - expressed in brain and CNS

Shaker
Integral membrane voltage-gated potassium ion channel - carries type-A potassium current responsible for the repolarization
of the cell - regulates neurotransmitter release at the synapse - regulates sleep - neuromuscular junction

shaking b
gap junction protein - innexin - motor neuron pattern regulation - giant fiber system -Johnston's organ neurons - optic lobe

Shaker cognate l
voltage-gated potassium channel - neuromuscular junction - regulation of action potential waveform, back-propagation and firing
frequency - eliminating Shal invokes Kruppel-dependent homeostatic rebalancing of ion channel gene expression including enhanced
slo, Shab, and Shaker - photoperiod, contributes to currents in the motoneurons - locomotion, SIDL regulates LL-motif-dependent
targeting of K(+) channels, shal and shaker, are reciprocally, transcriptionally coupled to maintain A-type channel expression

sinuous
claudin - localizes to septate junctions and is required for junction organization and paracellular barrier function -
required fo maintenance of cardiac integrity

SLC22A family member
a plasma membrane transporter - localizes in the dendrites of mushroom body neurons - terminates synaptic
transmission from cholinergic projection neurons through uptake of the released neurotransmitter acetylcholine - enhances
olfactory memory by allowing the neurotransmitter signal from projection neurons to be more persistent

slimfast
Amino acid transporter - downregulation within the fat body causes a global growth defect involving TSC/TOR signaling
in the fat body and a remote inhibition of organismal growth

slowpoke
Ca-activated, voltage-activated potassium channel

small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel
potassium channel - negatively regulates nociception - interacts with calmodulin, which acts as a Ca2+ sensor - regulates synaptic excitation in the visual network -
postsynapse of the NMJ - contributes to photoreceptor performance by mediating sensitivity control at the first negatively regulates the acquisition of short-term memory

smoothened
seven-pass transmembrane protein - putative hedgehog receptor

Snakeskin
Four transmembrane protein required for assembly of smooth septate junctions (sSJs) together with mesh and Tsp2A - required
for maintaining intestinal stem cell homeostasis through the regulation of aPKC and Yki activities in the Drosophila
midgut - expressed in Malpighian tubule, embryonic/larval visceral muscle, gut section and primordial germ cells
snazarus
fat body - adipocyte protein - sorting nexin - phospholipid-binding protein - associates with peripheral lipid droplets and
regulates lipid droplet homeostasis at endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites - controls lifespan

sneaky
transmembrane acrosomal protein involved in sperm plasma membrane breakdown; required for sperm activation in the egg cytoplasm

spinster
conserved transmembrane protein expressed in glia - mutants exhibit increased neural survival and altered sexual behavior - a putative lysosomal efflux permease
with the hallmarks of a sugar transporter - essential for mTOR reactivation and lysosome reformation following prolonged starvation
spitz
ligand for Egf-r - egf/tgf beta homolog

Star
interacts with EGF-R

stumble
surface transmembrane protein involved in transduction of mechanical stimuli in proprioceptive neurons - transduces dendrite stretching into cellular responses

subdued
a calcium-activated chloride channel of the anoctamin family - moonlighting (multifunctional protein) protein - translocation of phospholipids between the two monolayers
of a lipid bilayer of a cell membrane - nonselective ion channel activity - expression in the renal tubule is implicated in bacterial immunity - expressed in the epithelial
cells of the oviduct and in the spermathecal secretory cells that play a role in sperm storage and its release into the uterus - female sterility observed in mutant flies
might be due to a failure to release either egg or sperm from the ovary or spermatica, respectively - functions in conjunction with the thermo-TRPs in thermal nociception

synaptotagmin
calcium sensor in synaptic vesicle fusion - functions during exocytosis

Syndecan
a heparan sulfate proteoglycan - a necessary component of Slit/Robo signaling required in Slit target cells

Syntaxin 1A
vesicular docking protein

Syntaxin 5
a Golgi-localized SNARE protein - required for ER-Golgi traffic and Golgi reassembly following cell division - required for steps leading to formation of mature sperm

Tie-like receptor tyrosine kinase
anti-apoptotic receptor for Pvf1 - bystander effect - resistance to ionizing radiation - guidance receptor for border cells

Toll
IL1 homolog - a crucial protein for embryonic dorsal/ventral polarity - receptor for spätzle

Toll-6 & Toll-7
Toll-like receptors - Neurotrophin receptors - regulation of locomotion, motor axon targeting and neuronal survival - innate immunity

Toll-9
Surface receptor - necessary and sufficient for a special form of compensatory proliferation
after apoptotic cell loss (undead apoptosis-induced proliferation [AiP] - Toll-9 interacts with
Toll-1 to activate the intracellular Toll-1 pathway for nuclear translocation of
Dorsal, which induces expression of the pro-apoptotic genes reaper and hid

Tollo
Toll-like receptor - leucine rich repeat transmembrane protein - expressed in ectoderm
and required for neural-specific expression of the glycan HRP epitope

transient receptor potential
visual phototransduction, calcium channel, adaptation to light

Transient receptor potential cation channel γ
Ca++ channel protein activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids generated in a phospholipase C- and phospholipase A2-dependent manner -
motor coordination - olfactory sensitivity - Malpighian tubule fluid transport - photoresponse

Transient receptor potential A1
heat-activated TRP family ion channel that is essential for thermotaxis

Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M
mediates the calcium influx and initiates the calcium wave during Drosophila egg activation - senses
oxidative stress to release Zn(2+) from unique intracellular vesicles - mediates aversion to cold

transient receptor potential mucolipin
TRP family calcium channel that facilitates of fusion of amphisomes and lysosomes, involved in clearance of apoptotic cells
and autophagy, loss of function implicated in lysosomal storage disease

Transmembrane protein 63
expressed in multidendritic neurons in the fly tongue (proboscis) - mechanically activated Ca2+ channel - confers the ability to discriminate particle sizes in food and uses
this information to decide whether a food is appealing - required for humidity response in Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons

Transport and Golgi organization 1
transmembrane protein of the ER - plays a general role in secretion at endoplasmic reticulum exit sites, transfer of proteins from the
ER to the Golgi - salivary glands - trachea - secretion of collagen from fat body - laminin secretion in glia - forms ring-like
structures that mediate the formation of COPII rings that act as docking sites for the cis-Golgi

unc-5
multiple domain protein that functions as a repulsive netrin receptor - essential for heart lumen formation

unextended
a functional fly ortholog of the mammalian Cyclin M2 Mg2+-efflux transporter (CNNM) proteins - critical for the memory
enhancing property of Mg2+ - Uex function in mushroom body kenyon cells is required for long term memory - functional restoration of uex
reveals the MB to be the key site of Mg2+-dependent memory enhancement - Uex acts downstream of PRL-1 - elevated Uex levels in PRL-1
mutants prevent a CO2-induced phenotype - PRL-1 and Uex are required for a wide range of neurons to maintain neuroprotective functions

uninflatable
transmembrane protein involved in Notch-dependent cell fate assignation during asymmetric mitosis - essential to direct asymmetric endosome motility - required for tracheal inflation

veinlet (common alternative name: rhomboid)
interacts with EGF-R

Vesicular acetylcholine transporter
vesicular transport protein necessary for packaging the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into synaptic vesicles - expressed in premotor interneurons

Vesicular glutamate transporter (common alternative name: VGlut)
vesicular glutamate transporter - neuromuscular junction - intrinsic H+ /Na+ exchanger

white
ABC transporter of amines that partners with Brown in determination of eye pigmentation - Behavioral abnormalities in white, brown and scarlet mutants
could arise from reduced amine levels in neurons

wengen
tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily - forced expression triggers cell death

windpipe
chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan - transmembrane protein - modulates the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway in the wing - controls Drosophila
intestinal homeostasis by regulating JAK/STAT pathway via promoting receptor endocytosis and lysosomal degradation
wntless
novel conserved transmembrane protein that acts in the Wnt-sending cells to promote the secretion of Wnt proteins

wolfram syndrome 1
novel transmembrane protein - regulates cellular responses to ER stress and calcium
homeostasis, as well as ER-mitochondria cross-talk - putative interactor of SERCA and Calmodulin

zero population growth
germline-specific gap junction protein - Innexin 4 - required for survival of differentiating early germ cells
during gametogenesis in both sexes


G-protein coupled receptors

Adenosine receptor
GPCR - functions upstream cAMP and PKA activation - involved in response to metabolic stress and neuromodulation - regulator of intestinal stem cell activity
in the midgut - targets, Mod(mdg4) and Hsp70 in a signaling pathway modulating cytotoxic damage - Adenosine deaminase-related growth factor A suppresses AdoR activity

Adipokinetic hormone receptor (common alternative name: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor)
GPCR - involved in storage-fat mobilization - essential to adjust normal body fat content
and ensure lifelong fat-storage homeostasis - functional analog of the mammalian glucagon receptor

Calcium-independent receptor for α-latrotoxin (common alternative name: Latrotoxin receptor)
G-protein coupled receptor - involved in the perception of tactile, proprioceptive, and auditory stimuli through chordotonal neurons of the PNS -
sensitizes these neurons for the detection of mechanical stimulation by amplifying their input-output function

CCK-like receptor at 17D1 (also known as cholecystokinin-like receptor)
G-protein coupled receptor - along with drosulfakinin, its predicted ligand, a strong positive growth regulator of the larval neuromuscular junction

Discoidin domain receptor
expressed in larval peripheral nerves - loss of function resulted in severely reduced ensheathment of axons and reduced
axon caliber - a strong dominant genetic interaction was found between Ddr and the type XV/XVIII collagen Multiplexin (Mp), suggesting
Ddr functions as a collagen receptor to drive axon wrapping, in adult nerves, loss of Ddr decreased long-term survival
of sensory neurons and significantly reduced axon caliber without overtly affecting ensheathment - glial gene required for axon ensheathment

Dopamine/Ecdysteroid receptor
G-protein coupled receptor - activated by dopamine to increase cAMP levels - mediates the non-canonical actions of 20E
and rapidly modulates adult conditioned behavior through cAMP signaling - courtship memory - modulates appetite control of sugar sensing

Dopamine receptor
GPCR - mediates aversive and appetitive learning in pavlovian olfactory conditioning

Dopamine 1-like receptor 2
G-protein coupled receptor - Dopamine receptor - locomotor activity - presynaptic autoreceptor - appetitive and aversive learning

ETHR (common alternative name: Ecdysis triggering hormone receptor)
G-protein coupled receptor - scheduling successive behavioral steps in the ecdysis, regulation of pupal and adult ecdysis

frizzled
7 pass G-protein coupled receptor

frizzled2
transmembrane - 7 pass - frizzled family - receptor for Wingless

frizzled3
transmembrane - 7 pass - frizzled family - antagonist of wingless signal

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (preferred name: Adipokinetic hormone receptor)
GPCR - involved in storage-fat mobilization - essential to adjust normal body fat content
and ensure lifelong fat-storage homeostasis - functional analog of the mammalian glucagon receptor

Leucokinin receptor
G-protein coupled receptor expressed in brain neurons - regulation of meal size and meal frequency - regulation of fluid balance in Malpighian tubules

Mayo
G-protein coupled receptor - controls enterocyte proliferation in the larval midgut - maintains physiological K+ hemolymph levels

metabotropic GABA-B receptor subtype 1
G-protein coupled receptor - expressed by pheromone-sensing olfactory receptor neurons which as a consequence exhibit strong presynaptic inhibition -
mediates inter-glomerular inhibition - responsible for decreased intracellular calcium of clock neurons blocking their calcium cycling

metabotropic glutamate receptor
G-protein coupled receptor - modulates presynaptic excitability properties and synaptic architecture -
acts in conjunction with FMRP to regulate presynaptic properties

methuselah
G-protein coupled receptor: mutants have increased longevity, are resistent to stress and have increased body weight

methuselah-like 1
G-protein coupled receptor: has an antiproliferative effect - mutation leads to proliferation of
oncogenic cells and shorter lifespan - mutations in Kurtz led to hyperactivity of the GPCR Mthl1

methuselah-like 10
Growth-blocking peptides initiate signaling in surrounding epithelial cells through the
G-protein-coupled receptor Mthl10 - activation of tissue repair through activation of calcium signaling

moody
G-protein coupled receptor - expressed in glia and required for blood-brain barrier formation

muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor, A-type & muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor, B-type
olfactory associative learning, ON/OFF discrimination in the Drosophila larval visual system, modulation of locomotion and neural circuit excitability in larvae

octopamine receptor 2
G-protein coupled receptor - inhibitory regulation of synaptic and behavioral plasticity at excitatory synapses

Octβ2R
G-protein coupled receptor - autoregulatory control of synaptic and behavioral plasticity at excitatory synapses - control of appetitive motivation

Octopamine β3 receptor
G-protein coupled receptor, monoaminergic autocrine signaling, body size checkpoint, nutrient dependence of metamorphosis

Octopamine receptor in mushroom bodies
G-protein coupled receptor - activated in mated females and functions during ovulation
in the oviduct epithelium to facilitate egg-laying - expressed in mushroom bodies

Pigment-dispersing factor receptor
dopaminergic neurons that respond to PDFR signalling are sleep-promoting and during the day when PDF levels are high, they are inhibited, thereby
promoting wakefulness - regulates free-running rhythmicity in Drosophila circadian locomotor activity - modulators of molecular cycling in the
peripheral clocks of both the glial cells and the photoreceptors of the compound eye, regulation of night-onset temperature preference

rickets
G-protein coupled receptor expressed in the CNS and muscle - required for wing expansion, cuticle hardening and melanization

Serotonin receptor 1A and Serotonin receptor 1B (5-HT1A and 5-HT1B)
seven-pass transmembrane protein, 5-HT1A promotes baseline sleep

Serotonin receptor 2
seven-pass transmembrane protein

Serotonin receptor 7
seven-pass transmembrane protein implicated in regulation of courtship behavior, mating, olfactory learning and memory

sex peptide receptor
G-protein coupled receptor - required in Fruitless plus neurons for post-mating switch in female reproductive behaviour

smog (common alternative name; Poor gastrulation)
G-protein coupled receptor - gastrulation - deformation of mesodermal and ectodermal cells - activated by the ligand Folded gastrulation - acts along
with another GPCR, Mist, to activate the small GTPase Rho1, and the kinase Rok - regulates differential Rho1 and Myosin II activation

Tachykinin-like receptor at 99D
G-protein coupled receptor activated by tachykinin-related peptides - regulates stress induced insulin production
and signaling in renal tubules, insulin-producing cells in the adult brain, and presynaptic suppression and
olfactory behaviors in the antennal lobe of the brain

trapped in endoderm-1
G-protein coupled receptor - links cell polarity, modulation of cell adhesion, and invasion during germ cell migration

Trehalose-sensitivity
G-protein coupled receptor - Taste receptor

Tyramine receptor & Tyramine receptor II
GPCRs that arose by gene duplication - neuromodulation - adult brain - regulates courtship activity -
TyrR is expressed in heart muscles - TyrRII is expressed in oenocytes


Odorant Receptors

Odorant receptor 22a and Odorant receptor 22b
7 TM odorant receptor - Or22a responds to ethyl butyrate - localized to dendritic membranes of 22 cells of the basomedial region of the antenna

Odorant receptor 56a
7 TM odorant receptor - a receptor for a microbial odorant (geosmin) that alerts flies to the presence of harmful microbes -
regulates feeding and breeding behavior

Odorant receptor 65a
7 TM odorant receptor - courtship behavior - confers aversive response to cis-vaccenyl acetate

Odorant receptor 67d
7 TM odorant receptor - courtship behavior - the male-specific pheromone 11-cVA acts through Or67d to regulate both male and female mating behavior

Odorant receptor 71a, Odorant receptor 94a and Odorant receptor 94a
detection of yeast-produced ethylphenols, induction of positive chemotaxis, oviposition, and increased feeding

Odorant receptor 83b (Odorant receptor co-receptor or Orco)
7 TM odorant receptor - broadly expressed receptor of unknown function - required for dendritic localization of conventional odorant receptors -
mutation disrupts behavioral and electorphysiological responses to many odorants


Ionotropic Taste and Temperature Receptors

Ionotropic receptor 8a
a member of a novel family of chemosensory receptor ion channels - variant ionotropic glutamate receptor-like protein - expressed on antennal neurons

Ionotropic receptor 21a
mediator of heat seeking in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae - Ir21a mediates heat avoidance in Drosophila - antenna

Ionotropic receptor 25a
Ionotropic Receptor (IR) family of variant ionotropic glutamate receptors part of an input pathway to the circadian clock that detects small
temperature differences - required for humidity preference - co-receptor subunit in chemosensation and thermosensation

Ionotropic receptor 56d
ionotropic receptor for fatty acids - IR56d neurons are broadly responsive to short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acids - genetic
deletion of IR56d selectively disrupts response to medium-chain fatty acids - along with GR64f, necessary for proboscis extension
response (PER) to medium-chain fatty acids - sweet GRN activation requires the function of IR25a, IR76b and IR56d

Ionotropic receptor 64a
chemosensory receptor ion channel, responds to acid

Ionotropic receptor 76b
chemosensory detection of various amines and salt - a probable co-receptor subunit

Ionotropic receptor 84a
chemosensory ionotropic glutamate receptor family protein, regulation of male courtship behavior, response to aromatic odors


Gustatory Taste Receptors

Gustatory receptor 5a (common alternative name:Trehalose-sensitivity)
- Taste receptor

Gustatory receptor 21a and Gustatory receptor 63a
confers CO2-chemosensation in Drosophila

Gustatory receptor 43a
nutrient sensor for hemolymph fructose - promotes feeding in hungry flies but suppresses feeding in satiated flies

Gustatory receptor 64a
taste receptor - response to sugar

Gustatory receptor 66a
7 transmembrane protein - taste receptor - mediates aversion to bitter taste in the labellum, pharynx, legs, wings, and abdomen -
mediates suppression of feeding behavior by the insect repellent DEET - mediates aversion to caffeine

Gustatory receptor 68a
an essential component of pheromone-driven courtship behavior



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Drosophila genes listed by biochemical function

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